Drogheda/03-Architecture-Hardware/2026-09-09_Drogheda_5V-Source-OnBoard-vs-MeanWell_Cost_v1.0.md

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tags project author date status
project-drogheda
hardware
bom
cost
power
Project Drogheda Helgen CTO 2026-09-09 Draft — first-pass estimate

5 V source: on-board (V6 / U25) vs external Mean Well SD-15B-05 (V5)

Bottom line: the on-board 24→5 V block already captured in V6 costs ≈ US$2.2 / MX$37 per board in parts. The external Mean Well it replaces costs ≈ MX$330 per unit all-in as currently purchased. Net saving ≈ MX$290/unit (≈ MX$8,700 at 30 units, ≈ MX$29,000 at 100). The money is not the interesting part — the isolation loss and the 3 A → 3.5 A headroom are.

Prices: LCSC/JLCPCB live database (2026-09-09) · FX USD 1 = MXN 16.91.


1. What each version actually does

V5 (as built) V6 (as captured in the schematic)
24→5 V External Mean Well SD-15B-05 → P2 (JST 2-pin) → VEH5V On-board U25 TPS54360B: VIN_PROT → VEH5V
Rating 5 V / 3 A isolated (1.5 kVDC) 5 V / 3.5 A, non-isolated, 60 V input
Entry chain Q10 (IRFR5305) + D10 (SMBJ33A) → fan buck only F2 → Q23 → D32 (SMCJ33A) → C149/C150 → U25 → D34/L22 → C153/C154
Extra parts on board P2 connector 15 fitted + 2 DNP (R124/R125)

V6 keeps the fan buck (U2) and the 3V3_ETH buck (U12); U7 was deleted. Neither ever made the main rail — this comparison is only about the VEH5V source.


2. On-board block — BOM cost per board

U25 TPS54360B · L22 SRP1265A-100M · D34 B560C · D32 SMCJ33A · C149/C150 2.2 µF/100 V · C151 100 µF/50 V · C152 100 nF · C153/C154 47 µF/16 V · C155/C156 · R120–R123 — plus the entry chain F2 · Q23 · D33 · R119.

Line 30 boards 100 boards 500 boards
U25 TPS54360BDDAR (C524806) $0.487 $0.428 $0.419
L22 SRP1265A-100M 10 µH/10 A (C840531) $0.639 $0.554 $0.504
D34 B560C 5 A/60 V (C85100) $0.220 $0.179 $0.158
D32 SMCJ33A TVS (C699039) $0.114 $0.091 $0.079
C149/C150 2.2 µF/100 V 1210 ×2 † $0.180 $0.180 $0.160
C151 100 µF/50 V elco (C134502) $0.149 $0.149 $0.149
C153/C154 47 µF/16 V 1210 ×2 (C5440143) $0.185 $0.185 $0.127
C152, C155, C156, R120–R123 $0.022 $0.022 $0.022
Buck subtotal $1.996 $1.788 $1.618
Q23 IRFR5305 (C2624) $0.262 $0.227 $0.193
F2 2 A/1812 fuse †, D33 BZX84C15, R119 $0.144 $0.144 $0.144
Entry subtotal $0.406 $0.371 $0.337
Parts / board $2.40 $2.16 $1.96
JLC extended-part setup (7 new uniques × $3, amortised) $0.70 $0.21 $0.04
SMT placement (~50 joints) $0.10 $0.09 $0.09
All-in / board $3.20 · MX$54 $2.46 · MX$42 $2.09 · MX$35

† C149/C150 and F2 have no LCSC part pinned yet — estimated at $0.09 and $0.12. Board outline stays 140×100, so the block costs zero PCB area money.


3. External Mean Well — cost per unit

Item MXN Source
Mean Well SD-15B-05 300 BOM-master.md §1 item 12 (as purchased locally)
— same part, direct import 189–200 Mouser $11.15 / Arrow $11.85 @100
DC PSU bracket (ASA print) 20 BOM-master.md §1 item 3
P2 JST-XH + housing + crimps + wire ~12 est.
Total ≈ 332 (≈ 221 if imported direct)

Plus ~5 min/unit of mounting and wiring labour, and one more connector in the vibration path — P2 is exactly the class of joint the RCA blamed.


4. Net

Volume External (local price) On-board Saving
per unit MX$332 MX$42 MX$290
30 units MX$9,960 MX$1,260 MX$8,700
100 units MX$33,200 MX$4,200 MX$29,000

Against best-case direct import (MX$221) the saving is still ≈ MX$180/unit.


5. What actually decides this (not the money)

For on-board:

  • 3 A → 3.5 A. The 10-Ago boot-loop was the SD-15B's 3 A ceiling. It also makes the standing RS1 errata (3.12 A input limit sitting above a 3 A supply) go away by itself.
  • One fewer sub-assembly, one fewer connector, no import lead time on a PSU.

Against on-board:

  • Isolation is lost. SD-15B-05 is 1.5 kVDC isolated; TPS54360B is not. HBOX ground becomes the cabinet 24 V return. The ignition already shares that return — worth a deliberate look at the ground topology before this is locked.
  • The EMC burden moves onto our board. The copper plan already calls U25's input loop the loudest on the PCB; that stops being Mean Well's problem.
  • No field-replaceable part. Today a dead PSU is a 10-minute swap; after this it is a board.

6. 🔴 Side finding — the MP1584s cost more than this whole question

Genuine MP1584EN-LF-Z (C15051) is $2.21 @100 on LCSC. V6 carries two (U2, U12) = $4.41 / MX$75 per board, against $0.43 for the TPS54360B or $0.58 for the AP64350 already qualified as U20.

Re-speccing those two rails onto a part already in the BOM saves ≈ $3.5 / MX$59 per board — more than the entire 5 V-source saving — and it also retires EMC findings 3 and 4, which named the MP1584s directly. Worth a separate decision.


7. Battery — LiPo vs Li-ion, first pass

Energy Price MXN / Wh
Li-ion Hyvel 18650 1S4P (current pack) ~43 Wh MX$204 ≈ 4.7
LiPo 2000 mAh 1S, SparkFun @ Sandorobotics 7.4 Wh MX$270 ≈ 36
LiPo 2000 mAh 1S, generic (indicative) 7.4 Wh ~MX$90–160 ≈ 12–22

To reach today's 43 Wh with 2000 mAh pouches you need 6 in parallel: MX$540–1,620 against MX$204. Li-ion 18650 is 3–8× cheaper per Wh, and it is also the better cell for a box that runs hot — pouch cells swell, and heat is this product's standing failure mode.

LiPo buys thickness and form factor, nothing else. Treat the 2000 mAh cells as bench hardware. ⚠ The generic LiPo row is indicative — MercadoLibre/Amazon MX would not serve prices to an automated fetch; get one real quote before this line is used in a decision.